Miloš Forman (1932 년 2 월 18 일 ~ 체코 슬로바키아 체코 슬로바키아 (현재 체코 공화국) -2018 년 4 월 13 일, 미국 코네티컷 주 댄 버리 (Danbury)에서 사망), 체코 출신의 뉴 웨이브 영화 제작자이며 그는 미국으로 이민을 갔다.
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준비, 설정, 행동!
반지의 제왕 영화에서 누가 메리 브랜디 벅을 연기 했습니까?
포먼은 프라하 근처의 작은 마을에서 자랐습니다. 그의 부모이자 활동가 인 루돌프 포먼과 개신교 주부가 나치 강제 수용소에서 사망 한 후 두 명의 삼촌과 가족 친구가 양육했다. 1960 년대에 그는 그의 생물학적 아버지가 루돌프 포먼이 아니라 유태인 건축가라는 것을 알게되었다. 1950 년대 중반 Forman은 프라하 예술 아카데미 영화 학부에서 공부했습니다. 졸업 후 두 편의 시나리오를 썼으며, 첫 번째 작품 인 Nechte to na mně (1955; Leave It to Me)는 체코 감독 마틴 프리 치 (Martin Frič)가 촬영했습니다. Forman은 두 번째 시나리오의 조감독으로 Štěňata (1958; Cubs)라는 로맨스였습니다.
1950 년대 후반과 60 년대 초반 포먼은 다른 영화에서 작가 나 조감독으로 활동했다. 그가 감독 한 첫 번째 주요 작품 인 Černý Petr (1964; Black Peter)와 Lásky jedné plavovlásky (1965; Loves of a Blonde)는 국내외에서 큰 성공을 거두었습니다. 그리고 Forman은 Czech New Wave의 주요 재능으로 환영 받았습니다. 그의 초기 영화는 노동 계급 생활에 대한 조사와 사회 주의적 라이프 스타일에 대한 열정으로 특징 지었다. 이러한 요소는 호 지리 (Hoří, má panenko, 1967; 소방관)에서도 분명하게 드러나며, 풍자에 대한 사회적, 도덕적 문제를 탐구했다. 1968 년 소련 침공 후 소방관이 금지되어 포먼은 미국으로 이민을 갔다. 그는 미국이되었다1975 년 시민.
Forman’s first American film was Taking Off (1971), a story about runaway teenagers and their parents. Although not a box-office success, it won the jury grand prize at the Cannes film festival. The movie was also notable for being the last of Forman’s works to incorporate his early themes. Most of his American films are also bereft of the earlier social concerns that defined his Czech films, although he clearly demonstrated his mastery of the craft of direction and showed a remarkable ability to work with actors.
One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1975) was an independent production that had been turned down by every major studio, but it catapulted Forman to the forefront of Hollywood directors. A potent adaptation of Ken Kesey’s 1962 novel, it starred Jack Nicholson as Randle P. McMurphy, an irrepressible free spirit who cons his way from a prison work farm into a mental hospital. Against his better judgment, he enters into a war of wills with the sadistic head nurse (played by Louise Fletcher). The film became the first since It Happened One Night (1934) to win all five major Academy Awards: best picture, actor (Nicholson), actress (Fletcher), director, and screenplay (Bo Goldman and Lawrence Hauben).
Hair (1979) was Forman’s much-anticipated version of the Broadway musical, but it was a disappointment at the box office, despite receiving generally positive reviews. The director then made Ragtime (1981), a handsomely mounted, expensive adaptation of E.L. Doctorow’s best-selling novel about early 20th-century America. The historical drama starred James Cagney in his first credited big-screen appearance in some 20 years; it was the actor’s last feature film. Ragtime, however, also failed to find an audience, although it received eight Oscar nominations.
Forman rebounded from those mild disappointments with the acclaimed Amadeus (1984), Peter Shaffer’s reworking of his stage success. F. Murray Abraham gave an Oscar-winning performance as the jealous Antonio Salieri, and Tom Hulce earned praise as Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart. The lavish production won eight Oscars, including for best picture and Forman’s second for best director. After that triumph he took a five-year break from directing, reappearing with Valmont (1989), an adaptation of Pierre Choderlos de Laclos’s classic novel Dangerous Liaisons. However, Forman’s version—which starred Colin Firth, Annette Bening, and Meg Tilly—was generally compared unfavourably to Stephen Frears’s adaptation, which had been released the previous year.
In 1996 Forman returned to form with The People vs. Larry Flynt, a biopic of the pornographic magazine publisher whose legal battles provoked debates about freedom of speech. The dramedy featured strong performances, notably by Woody Harrelson in an Oscar-nominated turn as the controversial Flynt, Courtney Love as Flynt’s wife, and Edward Norton as his frustrated attorney. Forman earned an Academy Award nomination for his directing. He also garnered praise for Man on the Moon (1999), in which Jim Carrey channeled the genius of the late comic Andy Kaufman. The fine supporting cast included Danny DeVito, Love, and Paul Giamatti. Less successful was Goya’s Ghosts (2006), a costume drama starring Natalie Portman as a model for the artist Francisco de Goya (Stellan Skarsgård) and Javier Bardem as a church official who rapes her after she is unjustly imprisoned during the Spanish Inquisition. In 2009 Forman codirected the musical Dobre placená procházka (A Walk Worthwhile).
In addition to his directorial efforts, Forman occasionally acted in films, including Heartburn (1986), Keeping the Faith (2000), and Les Bien-Aimés (2011; Beloved). He also cowrote (with Jan Novák) the memoir Turnaround (1994).
