킹스턴 어폰 템스 (Kingston upon Thames)는 런던 중심에서 남서쪽으로 약 19 킬로미터 떨어진 영국 런던의 킹스턴 어폰 템스 (Kingston-upon-Thames), 영국 왕실 자치구 및 외곽 자치구를 철자했다. 템스 강의 남쪽 은행에 있으며 역사적인 써리 카운티의 일부입니다. 현재 보로는 1965 년에 킹스턴 어폰 템스의 전 왕실 보로와 Malden 및 Coombe 보로와 Surbiton의 보로 (모두 Surrey에 있음)를 통합하여 설립되었습니다. 여기에는 Kingston Town, Maldens 및 Coombe, Borough 남쪽, Surbiton의 네 가지 지역이 있습니다. 서리 행정구 관청은 자치구에 있습니다.
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유럽 여행자 안내서
유럽 연합의 수도는 어디에 있습니까?
이 지역은 템즈 강이 강하기 때문에 초기 교통 센터가되었습니다. 상업 센터로서의 Kingston의 강점은 12 세기에 걸쳐 강을 건너는 다리가 완성됨에 따라 크게 증가했습니다. 현재 Kingston Bridge는 1828 년에 지어졌으며, 자치구는 Kingston By-Pass에 의해 횡단됩니다.
Kingston was recorded as Cyningestun (“King’s Estate”) in 838 ce, when a Saxon council met in the town, and 30 royal charters were granted to it between 1200 and 1685. During the English Civil Wars, one of the last battles was fought in 1648 at Surbiton, where Lord Francis Villiers, son of the duke of Buckingham, was killed in a failed attempt to rally support for the imprisoned Charles I. Tradition holds that seven Anglo-Saxon kings were crowned in Kingston in the 10th century, and their Coronation Stone now stands in the grounds of the modern Guildhall.
A market at Kingston flourished from at least the 13th century, and in 1628 Charles I banned any other markets within a 7-mile (11-km) radius of the town. Today markets are still regularly held in Kingston’s historic Market Place, and the town remains one of Outer London’s main shopping destinations. The original store of the Bentalls department-store chain, although no longer owned by its founding family, has been in the town since 1867 and became the anchor for a large shopping centre. The construction of another department store in the late 1980s resulted in the unearthing of a medieval undercroft and the remains of a 12th-century bridge.
Brewing and tanning, once major industries in Kingston, no longer exist there. However, a boatbuilding tradition that dates from the 18th century continues, in tandem with the operation of a paddle steamer that runs between Kingston and Hampton Court, along with other destinations. When Hampton Court Palace was built in the 16th century, a freshwater supply was piped all the way from Coombe, and the conduit houses can still be seen there.
In 1912 Tommy (later Sir Thomas) Sopwith started manufacturing airplanes at Kingston, including the Sopwith Camel. The Sopwith Aviation Company Ltd. eventually evolved into Hawker Aircraft Ltd., which built Hawker Hurricane fighters before and during World War II and later built the Hawker Hunter jet aircraft. In its final incarnation as a part of British Aerospace, the company manufactured Harrier jump jets before its Kingston operations were closed in 1992.
Fanny Burney, the 18th–19th-century novelist, often stayed in the Chessington area of Kingston. The 18th-century historian Edward Gibbon attended school at Kingston, and the 19th-century artists William Holman Hunt and Sir John Millais had associations with Surbiton and its environs. The photographer and motion-picture pioneer Eadweard Muybridge was born in Kingston upon Thames. Novelist and playwright John Galsworthy spent his early life in Kingston, and the Robin Hill house in The Forsyte Saga is based on Galsworthy’s memories of the Kingston Hill area of Coombe. Enid Blyton taught in Kingston.
Kingston Grammar School was founded by Elizabeth I in 1561. The Kingston Museum (1904) has changing exhibits on local history as well as three permanent galleries, one on Muybridge. Kingston University has four campuses. Kingston is close to Hampton Court and Richmond Park. Kingston is also the home of the Rose of Kingston Theatre.
Kingston upon Thames is mainly residential, but it also contains one of Outer London’s major shopping centres. Local industries include light engineering and manufacturing. Area 14 square miles (38 square km). Pop. (2001) 147,273; (2011) 160,060.
